diff --git a/src/kernel/linux/v4.14/lib/vsprintf.c b/src/kernel/linux/v4.14/lib/vsprintf.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a990f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/kernel/linux/v4.14/lib/vsprintf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3029 @@
+/*
+ *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
+ */
+
+/* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
+/*
+ * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
+ * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
+ * So Feb  1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
+ * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
+ */
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <linux/clk.h>
+#include <linux/clk-provider.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>	/* for KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN */
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/ctype.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
+#include <linux/math64.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/ioport.h>
+#include <linux/dcache.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
+#include <linux/uuid.h>
+#include <linux/of.h>
+#include <net/addrconf.h>
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "../mm/internal.h"	/* For the trace_print_flags arrays */
+
+#include <asm/page.h>		/* for PAGE_SIZE */
+#include <asm/sections.h>	/* for dereference_function_descriptor() */
+#include <asm/byteorder.h>	/* cpu_to_le16 */
+
+#include <linux/string_helpers.h>
+#include "kstrtox.h"
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoull instead.
+ */
+unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+	unsigned long long result;
+	unsigned int rv;
+
+	cp = _parse_integer_fixup_radix(cp, &base);
+	rv = _parse_integer(cp, base, &result);
+	/* FIXME */
+	cp += (rv & ~KSTRTOX_OVERFLOW);
+
+	if (endp)
+		*endp = (char *)cp;
+
+	return result;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoul instead.
+ */
+unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+	return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtol instead.
+ */
+long simple_strtol(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+	if (*cp == '-')
+		return -simple_strtoul(cp + 1, endp, base);
+
+	return simple_strtoul(cp, endp, base);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);
+
+/**
+ * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
+ * @cp: The start of the string
+ * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
+ * @base: The number base to use
+ *
+ * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoll instead.
+ */
+long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
+{
+	if (*cp == '-')
+		return -simple_strtoull(cp + 1, endp, base);
+
+	return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoll);
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+int skip_atoi(const char **s)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+
+	do {
+		i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
+	} while (isdigit(**s));
+
+	return i;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used for
+ * /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
+ * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed by emitting
+ * two characters at a time, using a 200 byte lookup table. This
+ * roughly halves the number of multiplications compared to computing
+ * the digits one at a time. Implementation strongly inspired by the
+ * previous version, which in turn used ideas described at
+ * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/divide.html> (with permission
+ * from the author, Douglas W. Jones).
+ *
+ * It turns out there is precisely one 26 bit fixed-point
+ * approximation a of 64/100 for which x/100 == (x * (u64)a) >> 32
+ * holds for all x in [0, 10^8-1], namely a = 0x28f5c29. The actual
+ * range happens to be somewhat larger (x <= 1073741898), but that's
+ * irrelevant for our purpose.
+ *
+ * For dividing a number in the range [10^4, 10^6-1] by 100, we still
+ * need a 32x32->64 bit multiply, so we simply use the same constant.
+ *
+ * For dividing a number in the range [100, 10^4-1] by 100, there are
+ * several options. The simplest is (x * 0x147b) >> 19, which is valid
+ * for all x <= 43698.
+ */
+
+static const u16 decpair[100] = {
+#define _(x) (__force u16) cpu_to_le16(((x % 10) | ((x / 10) << 8)) + 0x3030)
+	_( 0), _( 1), _( 2), _( 3), _( 4), _( 5), _( 6), _( 7), _( 8), _( 9),
+	_(10), _(11), _(12), _(13), _(14), _(15), _(16), _(17), _(18), _(19),
+	_(20), _(21), _(22), _(23), _(24), _(25), _(26), _(27), _(28), _(29),
+	_(30), _(31), _(32), _(33), _(34), _(35), _(36), _(37), _(38), _(39),
+	_(40), _(41), _(42), _(43), _(44), _(45), _(46), _(47), _(48), _(49),
+	_(50), _(51), _(52), _(53), _(54), _(55), _(56), _(57), _(58), _(59),
+	_(60), _(61), _(62), _(63), _(64), _(65), _(66), _(67), _(68), _(69),
+	_(70), _(71), _(72), _(73), _(74), _(75), _(76), _(77), _(78), _(79),
+	_(80), _(81), _(82), _(83), _(84), _(85), _(86), _(87), _(88), _(89),
+	_(90), _(91), _(92), _(93), _(94), _(95), _(96), _(97), _(98), _(99),
+#undef _
+};
+
+/*
+ * This will print a single '0' even if r == 0, since we would
+ * immediately jump to out_r where two 0s would be written but only
+ * one of them accounted for in buf. This is needed by ip4_string
+ * below. All other callers pass a non-zero value of r.
+*/
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *put_dec_trunc8(char *buf, unsigned r)
+{
+	unsigned q;
+
+	/* 1 <= r < 10^8 */
+	if (r < 100)
+		goto out_r;
+
+	/* 100 <= r < 10^8 */
+	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+	buf += 2;
+
+	/* 1 <= q < 10^6 */
+	if (q < 100)
+		goto out_q;
+
+	/*  100 <= q < 10^6 */
+	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
+	buf += 2;
+
+	/* 1 <= r < 10^4 */
+	if (r < 100)
+		goto out_r;
+
+	/* 100 <= r < 10^4 */
+	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+	buf += 2;
+out_q:
+	/* 1 <= q < 100 */
+	r = q;
+out_r:
+	/* 1 <= r < 100 */
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r];
+	buf += r < 10 ? 1 : 2;
+	return buf;
+}
+
+#if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *put_dec_full8(char *buf, unsigned r)
+{
+	unsigned q;
+
+	/* 0 <= r < 10^8 */
+	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+	buf += 2;
+
+	/* 0 <= q < 10^6 */
+	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
+	buf += 2;
+
+	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
+	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+	buf += 2;
+
+	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
+	buf += 2;
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
+{
+	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
+		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
+	/* 1 <= n <= 1.6e11 */
+	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
+		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
+	/* 1 <= n < 1e8 */
+	return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
+}
+
+#elif BITS_PER_LONG == 32 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
+
+static void
+put_dec_full4(char *buf, unsigned r)
+{
+	unsigned q;
+
+	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
+	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
+	buf += 2;
+	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
+	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Call put_dec_full4 on x % 10000, return x / 10000.
+ * The approximation x/10000 == (x * 0x346DC5D7) >> 43
+ * holds for all x < 1,128,869,999.  The largest value this
+ * helper will ever be asked to convert is 1,125,520,955.
+ * (second call in the put_dec code, assuming n is all-ones).
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack
+unsigned put_dec_helper4(char *buf, unsigned x)
+{
+        uint32_t q = (x * (uint64_t)0x346DC5D7) >> 43;
+
+        put_dec_full4(buf, x - q * 10000);
+        return q;
+}
+
+/* Based on code by Douglas W. Jones found at
+ * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html#sixtyfour>
+ * (with permission from the author).
+ * Performs no 64-bit division and hence should be fast on 32-bit machines.
+ */
+static
+char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
+{
+	uint32_t d3, d2, d1, q, h;
+
+	if (n < 100*1000*1000)
+		return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
+
+	d1  = ((uint32_t)n >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
+	h   = (n >> 32);
+	d2  = (h      ) & 0xffff;
+	d3  = (h >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
+
+	/* n = 2^48 d3 + 2^32 d2 + 2^16 d1 + d0
+	     = 281_4749_7671_0656 d3 + 42_9496_7296 d2 + 6_5536 d1 + d0 */
+	q   = 656 * d3 + 7296 * d2 + 5536 * d1 + ((uint32_t)n & 0xffff);
+	q = put_dec_helper4(buf, q);
+
+	q += 7671 * d3 + 9496 * d2 + 6 * d1;
+	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+4, q);
+
+	q += 4749 * d3 + 42 * d2;
+	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+8, q);
+
+	q += 281 * d3;
+	buf += 12;
+	if (q)
+		buf = put_dec_trunc8(buf, q);
+	else while (buf[-1] == '0')
+		--buf;
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Convert passed number to decimal string.
+ * Returns the length of string.  On buffer overflow, returns 0.
+ *
+ * If speed is not important, use snprintf(). It's easy to read the code.
+ */
+int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num)
+{
+	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
+	char tmp[sizeof(num) * 3] __aligned(2);
+	int idx, len;
+
+	/* put_dec() may work incorrectly for num = 0 (generate "", not "0") */
+	if (num <= 9) {
+		tmp[0] = '0' + num;
+		len = 1;
+	} else {
+		len = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
+	}
+
+	if (len > size)
+		return 0;
+	for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
+		buf[idx] = tmp[len - idx - 1];
+	return len;
+}
+
+#define SIGN	1		/* unsigned/signed, must be 1 */
+#define LEFT	2		/* left justified */
+#define PLUS	4		/* show plus */
+#define SPACE	8		/* space if plus */
+#define ZEROPAD	16		/* pad with zero, must be 16 == '0' - ' ' */
+#define SMALL	32		/* use lowercase in hex (must be 32 == 0x20) */
+#define SPECIAL	64		/* prefix hex with "0x", octal with "0" */
+
+enum format_type {
+	FORMAT_TYPE_NONE, /* Just a string part */
+	FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_STR,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_PTR,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_UINT,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_INT,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T,
+	FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF
+};
+
+struct printf_spec {
+	unsigned int	type:8;		/* format_type enum */
+	signed int	field_width:24;	/* width of output field */
+	unsigned int	flags:8;	/* flags to number() */
+	unsigned int	base:8;		/* number base, 8, 10 or 16 only */
+	signed int	precision:16;	/* # of digits/chars */
+} __packed;
+#define FIELD_WIDTH_MAX ((1 << 23) - 1)
+#define PRECISION_MAX ((1 << 15) - 1)
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num,
+	     struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
+	char tmp[3 * sizeof(num)] __aligned(2);
+	char sign;
+	char locase;
+	int need_pfx = ((spec.flags & SPECIAL) && spec.base != 10);
+	int i;
+	bool is_zero = num == 0LL;
+	int field_width = spec.field_width;
+	int precision = spec.precision;
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct printf_spec) != 8);
+
+	/* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
+	 * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
+	locase = (spec.flags & SMALL);
+	if (spec.flags & LEFT)
+		spec.flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
+	sign = 0;
+	if (spec.flags & SIGN) {
+		if ((signed long long)num < 0) {
+			sign = '-';
+			num = -(signed long long)num;
+			field_width--;
+		} else if (spec.flags & PLUS) {
+			sign = '+';
+			field_width--;
+		} else if (spec.flags & SPACE) {
+			sign = ' ';
+			field_width--;
+		}
+	}
+	if (need_pfx) {
+		if (spec.base == 16)
+			field_width -= 2;
+		else if (!is_zero)
+			field_width--;
+	}
+
+	/* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
+	i = 0;
+	if (num < spec.base)
+		tmp[i++] = hex_asc_upper[num] | locase;
+	else if (spec.base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
+		int mask = spec.base - 1;
+		int shift = 3;
+
+		if (spec.base == 16)
+			shift = 4;
+		do {
+			tmp[i++] = (hex_asc_upper[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
+			num >>= shift;
+		} while (num);
+	} else { /* base 10 */
+		i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
+	}
+
+	/* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
+	if (i > precision)
+		precision = i;
+	/* leading space padding */
+	field_width -= precision;
+	if (!(spec.flags & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) {
+		while (--field_width >= 0) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = ' ';
+			++buf;
+		}
+	}
+	/* sign */
+	if (sign) {
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = sign;
+		++buf;
+	}
+	/* "0x" / "0" prefix */
+	if (need_pfx) {
+		if (spec.base == 16 || !is_zero) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = '0';
+			++buf;
+		}
+		if (spec.base == 16) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = ('X' | locase);
+			++buf;
+		}
+	}
+	/* zero or space padding */
+	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+		char c = ' ' + (spec.flags & ZEROPAD);
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(' ' + ZEROPAD != '0');
+		while (--field_width >= 0) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = c;
+			++buf;
+		}
+	}
+	/* hmm even more zero padding? */
+	while (i <= --precision) {
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = '0';
+		++buf;
+	}
+	/* actual digits of result */
+	while (--i >= 0) {
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = tmp[i];
+		++buf;
+	}
+	/* trailing space padding */
+	while (--field_width >= 0) {
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = ' ';
+		++buf;
+	}
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *special_hex_number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int size)
+{
+	struct printf_spec spec;
+
+	spec.type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
+	spec.field_width = 2 + 2 * size;	/* 0x + hex */
+	spec.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
+	spec.base = 16;
+	spec.precision = -1;
+
+	return number(buf, end, num, spec);
+}
+
+static void move_right(char *buf, char *end, unsigned len, unsigned spaces)
+{
+	size_t size;
+	if (buf >= end)	/* nowhere to put anything */
+		return;
+	size = end - buf;
+	if (size <= spaces) {
+		memset(buf, ' ', size);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (len) {
+		if (len > size - spaces)
+			len = size - spaces;
+		memmove(buf + spaces, buf, len);
+	}
+	memset(buf, ' ', spaces);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Handle field width padding for a string.
+ * @buf: current buffer position
+ * @n: length of string
+ * @end: end of output buffer
+ * @spec: for field width and flags
+ * Returns: new buffer position after padding.
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *widen_string(char *buf, int n, char *end, struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+	unsigned spaces;
+
+	if (likely(n >= spec.field_width))
+		return buf;
+	/* we want to pad the sucker */
+	spaces = spec.field_width - n;
+	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+		move_right(buf - n, end, n, spaces);
+		return buf + spaces;
+	}
+	while (spaces--) {
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = ' ';
+		++buf;
+	}
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s, struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+	int len = 0;
+	size_t lim = spec.precision;
+
+	if ((unsigned long)s < PAGE_SIZE)
+		s = "(null)";
+
+	while (lim--) {
+		char c = *s++;
+		if (!c)
+			break;
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = c;
+		++buf;
+		++len;
+	}
+	return widen_string(buf, len, end, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct dentry *d, struct printf_spec spec,
+		  const char *fmt)
+{
+	const char *array[4], *s;
+	const struct dentry *p;
+	int depth;
+	int i, n;
+
+	switch (fmt[1]) {
+		case '2': case '3': case '4':
+			depth = fmt[1] - '0';
+			break;
+		default:
+			depth = 1;
+	}
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	for (i = 0; i < depth; i++, d = p) {
+		p = ACCESS_ONCE(d->d_parent);
+		array[i] = ACCESS_ONCE(d->d_name.name);
+		if (p == d) {
+			if (i)
+				array[i] = "";
+			i++;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	s = array[--i];
+	for (n = 0; n != spec.precision; n++, buf++) {
+		char c = *s++;
+		if (!c) {
+			if (!i)
+				break;
+			c = '/';
+			s = array[--i];
+		}
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = c;
+	}
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+	return widen_string(buf, n, end, spec);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *bdev_name(char *buf, char *end, struct block_device *bdev,
+		struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	struct gendisk *hd = bdev->bd_disk;
+	
+	buf = string(buf, end, hd->disk_name, spec);
+	if (bdev->bd_part->partno) {
+		if (isdigit(hd->disk_name[strlen(hd->disk_name)-1])) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = 'p';
+			buf++;
+		}
+		buf = number(buf, end, bdev->bd_part->partno, spec);
+	}
+	return buf;
+}
+#endif
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *symbol_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
+		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	unsigned long value;
+#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
+	char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
+#endif
+
+	if (fmt[1] == 'R')
+		ptr = __builtin_extract_return_addr(ptr);
+	value = (unsigned long)ptr;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
+	if (*fmt == 'B')
+		sprint_backtrace(sym, value);
+	else if (*fmt != 'f' && *fmt != 's')
+		sprint_symbol(sym, value);
+	else
+		sprint_symbol_no_offset(sym, value);
+
+	return string(buf, end, sym, spec);
+#else
+	return special_hex_number(buf, end, value, sizeof(void *));
+#endif
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *resource_string(char *buf, char *end, struct resource *res,
+		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+#ifndef IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
+#define IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	6
+#endif
+
+#ifndef MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
+#define MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	10
+#endif
+	static const struct printf_spec io_spec = {
+		.base = 16,
+		.field_width = IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
+		.precision = -1,
+		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
+	};
+	static const struct printf_spec mem_spec = {
+		.base = 16,
+		.field_width = MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
+		.precision = -1,
+		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
+	};
+	static const struct printf_spec bus_spec = {
+		.base = 16,
+		.field_width = 2,
+		.precision = -1,
+		.flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD,
+	};
+	static const struct printf_spec dec_spec = {
+		.base = 10,
+		.precision = -1,
+		.flags = 0,
+	};
+	static const struct printf_spec str_spec = {
+		.field_width = -1,
+		.precision = 10,
+		.flags = LEFT,
+	};
+	static const struct printf_spec flag_spec = {
+		.base = 16,
+		.precision = -1,
+		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL,
+	};
+
+	/* 32-bit res (sizeof==4): 10 chars in dec, 10 in hex ("0x" + 8)
+	 * 64-bit res (sizeof==8): 20 chars in dec, 18 in hex ("0x" + 16) */
+#define RSRC_BUF_SIZE		((2 * sizeof(resource_size_t)) + 4)
+#define FLAG_BUF_SIZE		(2 * sizeof(res->flags))
+#define DECODED_BUF_SIZE	sizeof("[mem - 64bit pref window disabled]")
+#define RAW_BUF_SIZE		sizeof("[mem - flags 0x]")
+	char sym[max(2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + DECODED_BUF_SIZE,
+		     2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + FLAG_BUF_SIZE + RAW_BUF_SIZE)];
+
+	char *p = sym, *pend = sym + sizeof(sym);
+	int decode = (fmt[0] == 'R') ? 1 : 0;
+	const struct printf_spec *specp;
+
+	*p++ = '[';
+	if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IO) {
+		p = string(p, pend, "io  ", str_spec);
+		specp = &io_spec;
+	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
+		p = string(p, pend, "mem ", str_spec);
+		specp = &mem_spec;
+	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IRQ) {
+		p = string(p, pend, "irq ", str_spec);
+		specp = &dec_spec;
+	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DMA) {
+		p = string(p, pend, "dma ", str_spec);
+		specp = &dec_spec;
+	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS) {
+		p = string(p, pend, "bus ", str_spec);
+		specp = &bus_spec;
+	} else {
+		p = string(p, pend, "??? ", str_spec);
+		specp = &mem_spec;
+		decode = 0;
+	}
+	if (decode && res->flags & IORESOURCE_UNSET) {
+		p = string(p, pend, "size ", str_spec);
+		p = number(p, pend, resource_size(res), *specp);
+	} else {
+		p = number(p, pend, res->start, *specp);
+		if (res->start != res->end) {
+			*p++ = '-';
+			p = number(p, pend, res->end, *specp);
+		}
+	}
+	if (decode) {
+		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM_64)
+			p = string(p, pend, " 64bit", str_spec);
+		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
+			p = string(p, pend, " pref", str_spec);
+		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_WINDOW)
+			p = string(p, pend, " window", str_spec);
+		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)
+			p = string(p, pend, " disabled", str_spec);
+	} else {
+		p = string(p, pend, " flags ", str_spec);
+		p = number(p, pend, res->flags, flag_spec);
+	}
+	*p++ = ']';
+	*p = '\0';
+
+	return string(buf, end, sym, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *hex_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
+		 const char *fmt)
+{
+	int i, len = 1;		/* if we pass '%ph[CDN]', field width remains
+				   negative value, fallback to the default */
+	char separator;
+
+	if (spec.field_width == 0)
+		/* nothing to print */
+		return buf;
+
+	if (ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(addr))
+		/* NULL pointer */
+		return string(buf, end, NULL, spec);
+
+	switch (fmt[1]) {
+	case 'C':
+		separator = ':';
+		break;
+	case 'D':
+		separator = '-';
+		break;
+	case 'N':
+		separator = 0;
+		break;
+	default:
+		separator = ' ';
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (spec.field_width > 0)
+		len = min_t(int, spec.field_width, 64);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = hex_asc_hi(addr[i]);
+		++buf;
+		if (buf < end)
+			*buf = hex_asc_lo(addr[i]);
+		++buf;
+
+		if (separator && i != len - 1) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = separator;
+			++buf;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *bitmap_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
+		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	const int CHUNKSZ = 32;
+	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
+	int i, chunksz;
+	bool first = true;
+
+	/* reused to print numbers */
+	spec = (struct printf_spec){ .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD, .base = 16 };
+
+	chunksz = nr_bits & (CHUNKSZ - 1);
+	if (chunksz == 0)
+		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
+
+	i = ALIGN(nr_bits, CHUNKSZ) - CHUNKSZ;
+	for (; i >= 0; i -= CHUNKSZ) {
+		u32 chunkmask, val;
+		int word, bit;
+
+		chunkmask = ((1ULL << chunksz) - 1);
+		word = i / BITS_PER_LONG;
+		bit = i % BITS_PER_LONG;
+		val = (bitmap[word] >> bit) & chunkmask;
+
+		if (!first) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = ',';
+			buf++;
+		}
+		first = false;
+
+		spec.field_width = DIV_ROUND_UP(chunksz, 4);
+		buf = number(buf, end, val, spec);
+
+		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
+	}
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *bitmap_list_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
+			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
+	/* current bit is 'cur', most recently seen range is [rbot, rtop] */
+	int cur, rbot, rtop;
+	bool first = true;
+
+	/* reused to print numbers */
+	spec = (struct printf_spec){ .base = 10 };
+
+	rbot = cur = find_first_bit(bitmap, nr_bits);
+	while (cur < nr_bits) {
+		rtop = cur;
+		cur = find_next_bit(bitmap, nr_bits, cur + 1);
+		if (cur < nr_bits && cur <= rtop + 1)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!first) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = ',';
+			buf++;
+		}
+		first = false;
+
+		buf = number(buf, end, rbot, spec);
+		if (rbot < rtop) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = '-';
+			buf++;
+
+			buf = number(buf, end, rtop, spec);
+		}
+
+		rbot = cur;
+	}
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *mac_address_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr,
+			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	char mac_addr[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
+	char *p = mac_addr;
+	int i;
+	char separator;
+	bool reversed = false;
+
+	switch (fmt[1]) {
+	case 'F':
+		separator = '-';
+		break;
+
+	case 'R':
+		reversed = true;
+		/* fall through */
+
+	default:
+		separator = ':';
+		break;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
+		if (reversed)
+			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[5 - i]);
+		else
+			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[i]);
+
+		if (fmt[0] == 'M' && i != 5)
+			*p++ = separator;
+	}
+	*p = '\0';
+
+	return string(buf, end, mac_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip4_string(char *p, const u8 *addr, const char *fmt)
+{
+	int i;
+	bool leading_zeros = (fmt[0] == 'i');
+	int index;
+	int step;
+
+	switch (fmt[2]) {
+	case 'h':
+#ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
+		index = 0;
+		step = 1;
+#else
+		index = 3;
+		step = -1;
+#endif
+		break;
+	case 'l':
+		index = 3;
+		step = -1;
+		break;
+	case 'n':
+	case 'b':
+	default:
+		index = 0;
+		step = 1;
+		break;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+		char temp[4] __aligned(2);	/* hold each IP quad in reverse order */
+		int digits = put_dec_trunc8(temp, addr[index]) - temp;
+		if (leading_zeros) {
+			if (digits < 3)
+				*p++ = '0';
+			if (digits < 2)
+				*p++ = '0';
+		}
+		/* reverse the digits in the quad */
+		while (digits--)
+			*p++ = temp[digits];
+		if (i < 3)
+			*p++ = '.';
+		index += step;
+	}
+	*p = '\0';
+
+	return p;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_compressed_string(char *p, const char *addr)
+{
+	int i, j, range;
+	unsigned char zerolength[8];
+	int longest = 1;
+	int colonpos = -1;
+	u16 word;
+	u8 hi, lo;
+	bool needcolon = false;
+	bool useIPv4;
+	struct in6_addr in6;
+
+	memcpy(&in6, addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
+
+	useIPv4 = ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&in6) || ipv6_addr_is_isatap(&in6);
+
+	memset(zerolength, 0, sizeof(zerolength));
+
+	if (useIPv4)
+		range = 6;
+	else
+		range = 8;
+
+	/* find position of longest 0 run */
+	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
+		for (j = i; j < range; j++) {
+			if (in6.s6_addr16[j] != 0)
+				break;
+			zerolength[i]++;
+		}
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
+		if (zerolength[i] > longest) {
+			longest = zerolength[i];
+			colonpos = i;
+		}
+	}
+	if (longest == 1)		/* don't compress a single 0 */
+		colonpos = -1;
+
+	/* emit address */
+	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
+		if (i == colonpos) {
+			if (needcolon || i == 0)
+				*p++ = ':';
+			*p++ = ':';
+			needcolon = false;
+			i += longest - 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (needcolon) {
+			*p++ = ':';
+			needcolon = false;
+		}
+		/* hex u16 without leading 0s */
+		word = ntohs(in6.s6_addr16[i]);
+		hi = word >> 8;
+		lo = word & 0xff;
+		if (hi) {
+			if (hi > 0x0f)
+				p = hex_byte_pack(p, hi);
+			else
+				*p++ = hex_asc_lo(hi);
+			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
+		}
+		else if (lo > 0x0f)
+			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
+		else
+			*p++ = hex_asc_lo(lo);
+		needcolon = true;
+	}
+
+	if (useIPv4) {
+		if (needcolon)
+			*p++ = ':';
+		p = ip4_string(p, &in6.s6_addr[12], "I4");
+	}
+	*p = '\0';
+
+	return p;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_string(char *p, const char *addr, const char *fmt)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
+		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
+		if (fmt[0] == 'I' && i != 7)
+			*p++ = ':';
+	}
+	*p = '\0';
+
+	return p;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
+		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	char ip6_addr[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255")];
+
+	if (fmt[0] == 'I' && fmt[2] == 'c')
+		ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr, addr);
+	else
+		ip6_string(ip6_addr, addr, fmt);
+
+	return string(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip4_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
+		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	char ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
+
+	ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt);
+
+	return string(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip6_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa,
+			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	bool have_p = false, have_s = false, have_f = false, have_c = false;
+	char ip6_addr[sizeof("[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255]") +
+		      sizeof(":12345") + sizeof("/123456789") +
+		      sizeof("%1234567890")];
+	char *p = ip6_addr, *pend = ip6_addr + sizeof(ip6_addr);
+	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin6_addr;
+	char fmt6[2] = { fmt[0], '6' };
+	u8 off = 0;
+
+	fmt++;
+	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
+		switch (*fmt) {
+		case 'p':
+			have_p = true;
+			break;
+		case 'f':
+			have_f = true;
+			break;
+		case 's':
+			have_s = true;
+			break;
+		case 'c':
+			have_c = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (have_p || have_s || have_f) {
+		*p = '[';
+		off = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (fmt6[0] == 'I' && have_c)
+		p = ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr + off, addr);
+	else
+		p = ip6_string(ip6_addr + off, addr, fmt6);
+
+	if (have_p || have_s || have_f)
+		*p++ = ']';
+
+	if (have_p) {
+		*p++ = ':';
+		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin6_port), spec);
+	}
+	if (have_f) {
+		*p++ = '/';
+		p = number(p, pend, ntohl(sa->sin6_flowinfo &
+					  IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK), spec);
+	}
+	if (have_s) {
+		*p++ = '%';
+		p = number(p, pend, sa->sin6_scope_id, spec);
+	}
+	*p = '\0';
+
+	return string(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *ip4_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in *sa,
+			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	bool have_p = false;
+	char *p, ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255") + sizeof(":12345")];
+	char *pend = ip4_addr + sizeof(ip4_addr);
+	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin_addr.s_addr;
+	char fmt4[3] = { fmt[0], '4', 0 };
+
+	fmt++;
+	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
+		switch (*fmt) {
+		case 'p':
+			have_p = true;
+			break;
+		case 'h':
+		case 'l':
+		case 'n':
+		case 'b':
+			fmt4[2] = *fmt;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	p = ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt4);
+	if (have_p) {
+		*p++ = ':';
+		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin_port), spec);
+	}
+	*p = '\0';
+
+	return string(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *escaped_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
+		     const char *fmt)
+{
+	bool found = true;
+	int count = 1;
+	unsigned int flags = 0;
+	int len;
+
+	if (spec.field_width == 0)
+		return buf;				/* nothing to print */
+
+	if (ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(addr))
+		return string(buf, end, NULL, spec);	/* NULL pointer */
+
+
+	do {
+		switch (fmt[count++]) {
+		case 'a':
+			flags |= ESCAPE_ANY;
+			break;
+		case 'c':
+			flags |= ESCAPE_SPECIAL;
+			break;
+		case 'h':
+			flags |= ESCAPE_HEX;
+			break;
+		case 'n':
+			flags |= ESCAPE_NULL;
+			break;
+		case 'o':
+			flags |= ESCAPE_OCTAL;
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			flags |= ESCAPE_NP;
+			break;
+		case 's':
+			flags |= ESCAPE_SPACE;
+			break;
+		default:
+			found = false;
+			break;
+		}
+	} while (found);
+
+	if (!flags)
+		flags = ESCAPE_ANY_NP;
+
+	len = spec.field_width < 0 ? 1 : spec.field_width;
+
+	/*
+	 * string_escape_mem() writes as many characters as it can to
+	 * the given buffer, and returns the total size of the output
+	 * had the buffer been big enough.
+	 */
+	buf += string_escape_mem(addr, len, buf, buf < end ? end - buf : 0, flags, NULL);
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
+		  struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	char uuid[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1];
+	char *p = uuid;
+	int i;
+	const u8 *index = uuid_index;
+	bool uc = false;
+
+	switch (*(++fmt)) {
+	case 'L':
+		uc = true;		/* fall-through */
+	case 'l':
+		index = guid_index;
+		break;
+	case 'B':
+		uc = true;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if (uc)
+			p = hex_byte_pack_upper(p, addr[index[i]]);
+		else
+			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[index[i]]);
+		switch (i) {
+		case 3:
+		case 5:
+		case 7:
+		case 9:
+			*p++ = '-';
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	*p = 0;
+
+	return string(buf, end, uuid, spec);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *netdev_bits(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr, const char *fmt)
+{
+	unsigned long long num;
+	int size;
+
+	switch (fmt[1]) {
+	case 'F':
+		num = *(const netdev_features_t *)addr;
+		size = sizeof(netdev_features_t);
+		break;
+	default:
+		num = (unsigned long)addr;
+		size = sizeof(unsigned long);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *address_val(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr, const char *fmt)
+{
+	unsigned long long num;
+	int size;
+
+	switch (fmt[1]) {
+	case 'd':
+		num = *(const dma_addr_t *)addr;
+		size = sizeof(dma_addr_t);
+		break;
+	case 'p':
+	default:
+		num = *(const phys_addr_t *)addr;
+		size = sizeof(phys_addr_t);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *clock(char *buf, char *end, struct clk *clk, struct printf_spec spec,
+	    const char *fmt)
+{
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_CLK) || !clk)
+		return string(buf, end, NULL, spec);
+
+	switch (fmt[1]) {
+	case 'n':
+	default:
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
+		return string(buf, end, __clk_get_name(clk), spec);
+#else
+		return special_hex_number(buf, end, (unsigned long)clk, sizeof(unsigned long));
+#endif
+	}
+}
+
+static
+char *format_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags,
+					const struct trace_print_flags *names)
+{
+	unsigned long mask;
+	const struct printf_spec strspec = {
+		.field_width = -1,
+		.precision = -1,
+	};
+	const struct printf_spec numspec = {
+		.flags = SPECIAL|SMALL,
+		.field_width = -1,
+		.precision = -1,
+		.base = 16,
+	};
+
+	for ( ; flags && names->name; names++) {
+		mask = names->mask;
+		if ((flags & mask) != mask)
+			continue;
+
+		buf = string(buf, end, names->name, strspec);
+
+		flags &= ~mask;
+		if (flags) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = '|';
+			buf++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (flags)
+		buf = number(buf, end, flags, numspec);
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *flags_string(char *buf, char *end, void *flags_ptr, const char *fmt)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	const struct trace_print_flags *names;
+
+	switch (fmt[1]) {
+	case 'p':
+		flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
+		/* Remove zone id */
+		flags &= (1UL << NR_PAGEFLAGS) - 1;
+		names = pageflag_names;
+		break;
+	case 'v':
+		flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
+		names = vmaflag_names;
+		break;
+	case 'g':
+		flags = *(gfp_t *)flags_ptr;
+		names = gfpflag_names;
+		break;
+	default:
+		WARN_ONCE(1, "Unsupported flags modifier: %c\n", fmt[1]);
+		return buf;
+	}
+
+	return format_flags(buf, end, flags, names);
+}
+
+static const char *device_node_name_for_depth(const struct device_node *np, int depth)
+{
+	for ( ; np && depth; depth--)
+		np = np->parent;
+
+	return kbasename(np->full_name);
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *device_node_gen_full_name(const struct device_node *np, char *buf, char *end)
+{
+	int depth;
+	const struct device_node *parent = np->parent;
+	static const struct printf_spec strspec = {
+		.field_width = -1,
+		.precision = -1,
+	};
+
+	/* special case for root node */
+	if (!parent)
+		return string(buf, end, "/", strspec);
+
+	for (depth = 0; parent->parent; depth++)
+		parent = parent->parent;
+
+	for ( ; depth >= 0; depth--) {
+		buf = string(buf, end, "/", strspec);
+		buf = string(buf, end, device_node_name_for_depth(np, depth),
+			     strspec);
+	}
+	return buf;
+}
+
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *device_node_string(char *buf, char *end, struct device_node *dn,
+			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
+{
+	char tbuf[sizeof("xxxx") + 1];
+	const char *p;
+	int ret;
+	char *buf_start = buf;
+	struct property *prop;
+	bool has_mult, pass;
+	static const struct printf_spec num_spec = {
+		.flags = SMALL,
+		.field_width = -1,
+		.precision = -1,
+		.base = 10,
+	};
+
+	struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
+	str_spec.field_width = -1;
+
+	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF))
+		return string(buf, end, "(!OF)", spec);
+
+	if ((unsigned long)dn < PAGE_SIZE)
+		return string(buf, end, "(null)", spec);
+
+	/* simple case without anything any more format specifiers */
+	fmt++;
+	if (fmt[0] == '\0' || strcspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC") > 0)
+		fmt = "f";
+
+	for (pass = false; strspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC"); fmt++, pass = true) {
+		if (pass) {
+			if (buf < end)
+				*buf = ':';
+			buf++;
+		}
+
+		switch (*fmt) {
+		case 'f':	/* full_name */
+			buf = device_node_gen_full_name(dn, buf, end);
+			break;
+		case 'n':	/* name */
+			buf = string(buf, end, dn->name, str_spec);
+			break;
+		case 'p':	/* phandle */
+			buf = number(buf, end, (unsigned int)dn->phandle, num_spec);
+			break;
+		case 'P':	/* path-spec */
+			p = kbasename(of_node_full_name(dn));
+			if (!p[1])
+				p = "/";
+			buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
+			break;
+		case 'F':	/* flags */
+			tbuf[0] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DYNAMIC) ? 'D' : '-';
+			tbuf[1] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DETACHED) ? 'd' : '-';
+			tbuf[2] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED) ? 'P' : '-';
+			tbuf[3] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED_BUS) ? 'B' : '-';
+			tbuf[4] = 0;
+			buf = string(buf, end, tbuf, str_spec);
+			break;
+		case 'c':	/* major compatible string */
+			ret = of_property_read_string(dn, "compatible", &p);
+			if (!ret)
+				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
+			break;
+		case 'C':	/* full compatible string */
+			has_mult = false;
+			of_property_for_each_string(dn, "compatible", prop, p) {
+				if (has_mult)
+					buf = string(buf, end, ",", str_spec);
+				buf = string(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
+				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
+				buf = string(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
+
+				has_mult = true;
+			}
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
+}
+
+int kptr_restrict __read_mostly;
+
+/*
+ * Show a '%p' thing.  A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
+ * by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
+ * specifiers.
+ *
+ * Please update scripts/checkpatch.pl when adding/removing conversion
+ * characters.  (Search for "check for vsprintf extension").
+ *
+ * Right now we handle:
+ *
+ * - 'F' For symbolic function descriptor pointers with offset
+ * - 'f' For simple symbolic function names without offset
+ * - 'S' For symbolic direct pointers with offset
+ * - 's' For symbolic direct pointers without offset
+ * - '[FfSs]R' as above with __builtin_extract_return_addr() translation
+ * - 'B' For backtraced symbolic direct pointers with offset
+ * - 'R' For decoded struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f 64bit pref]
+ * - 'r' For raw struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f flags 0x201]
+ * - 'b[l]' For a bitmap, the number of bits is determined by the field
+ *       width which must be explicitly specified either as part of the
+ *       format string '%32b[l]' or through '%*b[l]', [l] selects
+ *       range-list format instead of hex format
+ * - 'M' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the address in the
+ *       usual colon-separated hex notation
+ * - 'm' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the hex address without colons
+ * - 'MF' For a 6-byte MAC FDDI address, it prints the address
+ *       with a dash-separated hex notation
+ * - '[mM]R' For a 6-byte MAC address, Reverse order (Bluetooth)
+ * - 'I' [46] for IPv4/IPv6 addresses printed in the usual way
+ *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal without leading 0's (1.2.3.4)
+ *       IPv6 uses colon separated network-order 16 bit hex with leading 0's
+ *       [S][pfs]
+ *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
+ *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
+ * - 'i' [46] for 'raw' IPv4/IPv6 addresses
+ *       IPv6 omits the colons (01020304...0f)
+ *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal with leading 0's (010.123.045.006)
+ *       [S][pfs]
+ *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
+ *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
+ * - '[Ii][4S][hnbl]' IPv4 addresses in host, network, big or little endian order
+ * - 'I[6S]c' for IPv6 addresses printed as specified by
+ *       http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5952
+ * - 'E[achnops]' For an escaped buffer, where rules are defined by combination
+ *                of the following flags (see string_escape_mem() for the
+ *                details):
+ *                  a - ESCAPE_ANY
+ *                  c - ESCAPE_SPECIAL
+ *                  h - ESCAPE_HEX
+ *                  n - ESCAPE_NULL
+ *                  o - ESCAPE_OCTAL
+ *                  p - ESCAPE_NP
+ *                  s - ESCAPE_SPACE
+ *                By default ESCAPE_ANY_NP is used.
+ * - 'U' For a 16 byte UUID/GUID, it prints the UUID/GUID in the form
+ *       "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
+ *       Options for %pU are:
+ *         b big endian lower case hex (default)
+ *         B big endian UPPER case hex
+ *         l little endian lower case hex
+ *         L little endian UPPER case hex
+ *           big endian output byte order is:
+ *             [0][1][2][3]-[4][5]-[6][7]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
+ *           little endian output byte order is:
+ *             [3][2][1][0]-[5][4]-[7][6]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
+ * - 'V' For a struct va_format which contains a format string * and va_list *,
+ *       call vsnprintf(->format, *->va_list).
+ *       Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
+ *       Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
+ *       correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
+ * - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users
+ * - 'NF' For a netdev_features_t
+ * - 'h[CDN]' For a variable-length buffer, it prints it as a hex string with
+ *            a certain separator (' ' by default):
+ *              C colon
+ *              D dash
+ *              N no separator
+ *            The maximum supported length is 64 bytes of the input. Consider
+ *            to use print_hex_dump() for the larger input.
+ * - 'a[pd]' For address types [p] phys_addr_t, [d] dma_addr_t and derivatives
+ *           (default assumed to be phys_addr_t, passed by reference)
+ * - 'd[234]' For a dentry name (optionally 2-4 last components)
+ * - 'D[234]' Same as 'd' but for a struct file
+ * - 'g' For block_device name (gendisk + partition number)
+ * - 'C' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
+ *       (legacy clock framework) of the clock
+ * - 'Cn' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
+ *        (legacy clock framework) of the clock
+ * - 'Cr' For a clock, it prints the current rate of the clock
+ * - 'G' For flags to be printed as a collection of symbolic strings that would
+ *       construct the specific value. Supported flags given by option:
+ *       p page flags (see struct page) given as pointer to unsigned long
+ *       g gfp flags (GFP_* and __GFP_*) given as pointer to gfp_t
+ *       v vma flags (VM_*) given as pointer to unsigned long
+ * - 'O' For a kobject based struct. Must be one of the following:
+ *       - 'OF[fnpPcCF]'  For a device tree object
+ *                        Without any optional arguments prints the full_name
+ *                        f device node full_name
+ *                        n device node name
+ *                        p device node phandle
+ *                        P device node path spec (name + @unit)
+ *                        F device node flags
+ *                        c major compatible string
+ *                        C full compatible string
+ *
+ * ** Please update also Documentation/printk-formats.txt when making changes **
+ *
+ * Note: The difference between 'S' and 'F' is that on ia64 and ppc64
+ * function pointers are really function descriptors, which contain a
+ * pointer to the real address.
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack
+char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
+	      struct printf_spec spec)
+{
+	const int default_width = 2 * sizeof(void *);
+
+	if (!ptr && *fmt != 'K') {
+		/*
+		 * Print (null) with the same width as a pointer so it makes
+		 * tabular output look nice.
+		 */
+		if (spec.field_width == -1)
+			spec.field_width = default_width;
+		return string(buf, end, "(null)", spec);
+	}
+
+	switch (*fmt) {
+	case 'F':
+	case 'f':
+		ptr = dereference_function_descriptor(ptr);
+		/* Fallthrough */
+	case 'S':
+	case 's':
+	case 'B':
+		return symbol_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'R':
+	case 'r':
+		return resource_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'h':
+		return hex_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'b':
+		switch (fmt[1]) {
+		case 'l':
+			return bitmap_list_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+		default:
+			return bitmap_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+		}
+	case 'M':			/* Colon separated: 00:01:02:03:04:05 */
+	case 'm':			/* Contiguous: 000102030405 */
+					/* [mM]F (FDDI) */
+					/* [mM]R (Reverse order; Bluetooth) */
+		return mac_address_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'I':			/* Formatted IP supported
+					 * 4:	1.2.3.4
+					 * 6:	0001:0203:...:0708
+					 * 6c:	1::708 or 1::1.2.3.4
+					 */
+	case 'i':			/* Contiguous:
+					 * 4:	001.002.003.004
+					 * 6:   000102...0f
+					 */
+		switch (fmt[1]) {
+		case '6':
+			return ip6_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+		case '4':
+			return ip4_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+		case 'S': {
+			const union {
+				struct sockaddr		raw;
+				struct sockaddr_in	v4;
+				struct sockaddr_in6	v6;
+			} *sa = ptr;
+
+			switch (sa->raw.sa_family) {
+			case AF_INET:
+				return ip4_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v4, spec, fmt);
+			case AF_INET6:
+				return ip6_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v6, spec, fmt);
+			default:
+				return string(buf, end, "(invalid address)", spec);
+			}}
+		}
+		break;
+	case 'E':
+		return escaped_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'U':
+		return uuid_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'V':
+		{
+			va_list va;
+
+			va_copy(va, *((struct va_format *)ptr)->va);
+			buf += vsnprintf(buf, end > buf ? end - buf : 0,
+					 ((struct va_format *)ptr)->fmt, va);
+			va_end(va);
+			return buf;
+		}
+	case 'K':
+		switch (kptr_restrict) {
+		case 0:
+			/* Always print %pK values */
+			break;
+		case 1: {
+			const struct cred *cred;
+
+			/*
+			 * kptr_restrict==1 cannot be used in IRQ context
+			 * because its test for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
+			 */
+			if (in_irq() || in_serving_softirq() || in_nmi()) {
+				if (spec.field_width == -1)
+					spec.field_width = default_width;
+				return string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Only print the real pointer value if the current
+			 * process has CAP_SYSLOG and is running with the
+			 * same credentials it started with. This is because
+			 * access to files is checked at open() time, but %pK
+			 * checks permission at read() time. We don't want to
+			 * leak pointer values if a binary opens a file using
+			 * %pK and then elevates privileges before reading it.
+			 */
+			cred = current_cred();
+			if (!has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG) ||
+			    !uid_eq(cred->euid, cred->uid) ||
+			    !gid_eq(cred->egid, cred->gid))
+				ptr = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+		case 2:
+		default:
+			/* Always print 0's for %pK */
+			ptr = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case 'N':
+		return netdev_bits(buf, end, ptr, fmt);
+	case 'a':
+		return address_val(buf, end, ptr, fmt);
+	case 'd':
+		return dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'C':
+		return clock(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+	case 'D':
+		return dentry_name(buf, end,
+				   ((const struct file *)ptr)->f_path.dentry,
+				   spec, fmt);
+#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
+	case 'g':
+		return bdev_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
+#endif
+
+	case 'G':
+		return flags_string(buf, end, ptr, fmt);
+	case 'O':
+		switch (fmt[1]) {
+		case 'F':
+			return device_node_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
+		}
+	}
+	spec.flags |= SMALL;
+	if (spec.field_width == -1) {
+		spec.field_width = default_width;
+		spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
+	}
+	spec.base = 16;
+
+	return number(buf, end, (unsigned long) ptr, spec);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Helper function to decode printf style format.
+ * Each call decode a token from the format and return the
+ * number of characters read (or likely the delta where it wants
+ * to go on the next call).
+ * The decoded token is returned through the parameters
+ *
+ * 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields
+ * 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.
+ * 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99
+ * 'Z' changed to 'z' --adobriyan 2017-01-25
+ * 't' added for ptrdiff_t
+ *
+ * @fmt: the format string
+ * @type of the token returned
+ * @flags: various flags such as +, -, # tokens..
+ * @field_width: overwritten width
+ * @base: base of the number (octal, hex, ...)
+ * @precision: precision of a number
+ * @qualifier: qualifier of a number (long, size_t, ...)
+ */
+static noinline_for_stack
+int format_decode(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *spec)
+{
+	const char *start = fmt;
+	char qualifier;
+
+	/* we finished early by reading the field width */
+	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH) {
+		if (spec->field_width < 0) {
+			spec->field_width = -spec->field_width;
+			spec->flags |= LEFT;
+		}
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
+		goto precision;
+	}
+
+	/* we finished early by reading the precision */
+	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION) {
+		if (spec->precision < 0)
+			spec->precision = 0;
+
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
+		goto qualifier;
+	}
+
+	/* By default */
+	spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
+
+	for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
+		if (*fmt == '%')
+			break;
+	}
+
+	/* Return the current non-format string */
+	if (fmt != start || !*fmt)
+		return fmt - start;
+
+	/* Process flags */
+	spec->flags = 0;
+
+	while (1) { /* this also skips first '%' */
+		bool found = true;
+
+		++fmt;
+
+		switch (*fmt) {
+		case '-': spec->flags |= LEFT;    break;
+		case '+': spec->flags |= PLUS;    break;
+		case ' ': spec->flags |= SPACE;   break;
+		case '#': spec->flags |= SPECIAL; break;
+		case '0': spec->flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
+		default:  found = false;
+		}
+
+		if (!found)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	/* get field width */
+	spec->field_width = -1;
+
+	if (isdigit(*fmt))
+		spec->field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
+	else if (*fmt == '*') {
+		/* it's the next argument */
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH;
+		return ++fmt - start;
+	}
+
+precision:
+	/* get the precision */
+	spec->precision = -1;
+	if (*fmt == '.') {
+		++fmt;
+		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
+			spec->precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
+			if (spec->precision < 0)
+				spec->precision = 0;
+		} else if (*fmt == '*') {
+			/* it's the next argument */
+			spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION;
+			return ++fmt - start;
+		}
+	}
+
+qualifier:
+	/* get the conversion qualifier */
+	qualifier = 0;
+	if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
+	    *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
+		qualifier = *fmt++;
+		if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
+			if (qualifier == 'l') {
+				qualifier = 'L';
+				++fmt;
+			} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
+				qualifier = 'H';
+				++fmt;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* default base */
+	spec->base = 10;
+	switch (*fmt) {
+	case 'c':
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR;
+		return ++fmt - start;
+
+	case 's':
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_STR;
+		return ++fmt - start;
+
+	case 'p':
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
+		return ++fmt - start;
+
+	case '%':
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR;
+		return ++fmt - start;
+
+	/* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
+	case 'o':
+		spec->base = 8;
+		break;
+
+	case 'x':
+		spec->flags |= SMALL;
+
+	case 'X':
+		spec->base = 16;
+		break;
+
+	case 'd':
+	case 'i':
+		spec->flags |= SIGN;
+	case 'u':
+		break;
+
+	case 'n':
+		/*
+		 * Since %n poses a greater security risk than
+		 * utility, treat it as any other invalid or
+		 * unsupported format specifier.
+		 */
+		/* Fall-through */
+
+	default:
+		WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove unsupported %%%c in format string\n", *fmt);
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID;
+		return fmt - start;
+	}
+
+	if (qualifier == 'L')
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG;
+	else if (qualifier == 'l') {
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_LONG);
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+	} else if (qualifier == 'z') {
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T;
+	} else if (qualifier == 't') {
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF;
+	} else if (qualifier == 'H') {
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE);
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+	} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT);
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+	} else {
+		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_INT);
+		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
+	}
+
+	return ++fmt - start;
+}
+
+static void
+set_field_width(struct printf_spec *spec, int width)
+{
+	spec->field_width = width;
+	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->field_width != width, "field width %d too large", width)) {
+		spec->field_width = clamp(width, -FIELD_WIDTH_MAX, FIELD_WIDTH_MAX);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+set_precision(struct printf_spec *spec, int prec)
+{
+	spec->precision = prec;
+	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->precision != prec, "precision %d too large", prec)) {
+		spec->precision = clamp(prec, 0, PRECISION_MAX);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * This function generally follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some
+ * extensions and a few limitations:
+ *
+ *  - ``%n`` is unsupported
+ *  - ``%p*`` is handled by pointer()
+ *
+ * See pointer() or Documentation/printk-formats.txt for more
+ * extensive description.
+ *
+ * **Please update the documentation in both places when making changes**
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which would
+ * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
+ * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
+ * number of characters written into @buf as return value
+ * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
+ * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
+ * string is truncated.
+ *
+ * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using snprintf().
+ */
+int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	unsigned long long num;
+	char *str, *end;
+	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
+
+	/* Reject out-of-range values early.  Large positive sizes are
+	   used for unknown buffer sizes. */
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
+		return 0;
+
+	str = buf;
+	end = buf + size;
+
+	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
+	if (end < buf) {
+		end = ((void *)-1);
+		size = end - buf;
+	}
+
+	while (*fmt) {
+		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
+		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
+
+		fmt += read;
+
+		switch (spec.type) {
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
+			int copy = read;
+			if (str < end) {
+				if (copy > end - str)
+					copy = end - str;
+				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
+			}
+			str += read;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
+			set_field_width(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
+			set_precision(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
+			char c;
+
+			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+					if (str < end)
+						*str = ' ';
+					++str;
+
+				}
+			}
+			c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
+			if (str < end)
+				*str = c;
+			++str;
+			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+				if (str < end)
+					*str = ' ';
+				++str;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR:
+			str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), spec);
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
+			str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
+				      spec);
+			while (isalnum(*fmt))
+				fmt++;
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
+			if (str < end)
+				*str = '%';
+			++str;
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
+			/*
+			 * Presumably the arguments passed gcc's type
+			 * checking, but there is no safe or sane way
+			 * for us to continue parsing the format and
+			 * fetching from the va_list; the remaining
+			 * specifiers and arguments would be out of
+			 * sync.
+			 */
+			goto out;
+
+		default:
+			switch (spec.type) {
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+				num = va_arg(args, long long);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
+				num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
+				num = va_arg(args, long);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
+				if (spec.flags & SIGN)
+					num = va_arg(args, ssize_t);
+				else
+					num = va_arg(args, size_t);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
+				num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
+				num = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
+				num = (signed char) va_arg(args, int);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
+				num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
+				num = (short) va_arg(args, int);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_INT:
+				num = (int) va_arg(args, int);
+				break;
+			default:
+				num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
+			}
+
+			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	if (size > 0) {
+		if (str < end)
+			*str = '\0';
+		else
+			end[-1] = '\0';
+	}
+
+	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
+	return str-buf;
+
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);
+
+/**
+ * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
+ * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function
+ * returns 0.
+ *
+ * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using scnprintf().
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
+
+	if (likely(i < size))
+		return i;
+	if (size != 0)
+		return size - 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);
+
+/**
+ * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which would be
+ * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
+ * as per ISO C99.  If the return is greater than or equal to
+ * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	int i;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);
+
+/**
+ * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
+ * the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function returns 0.
+ */
+
+int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	int i;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	i = vscnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);
+
+/**
+ * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of characters written
+ * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
+ * buffer overflows.
+ *
+ * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using sprintf().
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);
+
+/**
+ * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of characters written
+ * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
+ * buffer overflows.
+ *
+ * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
+ */
+int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	int i;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	i = vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
+/*
+ * bprintf service:
+ * vbin_printf() - VA arguments to binary data
+ * bstr_printf() - Binary data to text string
+ */
+
+/**
+ * vbin_printf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
+ * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
+ * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @args: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, except %n is ignored, and its argument
+ * is skipped.
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of words(32bits) which would be generated for
+ * the given input.
+ *
+ * NOTE:
+ * If the return value is greater than @size, the resulting bin_buf is NOT
+ * valid for bstr_printf().
+ */
+int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
+	char *str, *end;
+
+	str = (char *)bin_buf;
+	end = (char *)(bin_buf + size);
+
+#define save_arg(type)							\
+do {									\
+	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
+		unsigned long long value;				\
+		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32));			\
+		value = va_arg(args, unsigned long long);		\
+		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) {			\
+			*(u32 *)str = *(u32 *)&value;			\
+			*(u32 *)(str + 4) = *((u32 *)&value + 1);	\
+		}							\
+	} else {							\
+		unsigned long value;					\
+		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(type));			\
+		value = va_arg(args, int);				\
+		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end)				\
+			*(typeof(type) *)str = (type)value;		\
+	}								\
+	str += sizeof(type);						\
+} while (0)
+
+	while (*fmt) {
+		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
+
+		fmt += read;
+
+		switch (spec.type) {
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE:
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
+			break;
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
+			goto out;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
+			save_arg(int);
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR:
+			save_arg(char);
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
+			const char *save_str = va_arg(args, char *);
+			size_t len;
+
+			if ((unsigned long)save_str > (unsigned long)-PAGE_SIZE
+					|| (unsigned long)save_str < PAGE_SIZE)
+				save_str = "(null)";
+			len = strlen(save_str) + 1;
+			if (str + len < end)
+				memcpy(str, save_str, len);
+			str += len;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
+			save_arg(void *);
+			/* skip all alphanumeric pointer suffixes */
+			while (isalnum(*fmt))
+				fmt++;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			switch (spec.type) {
+
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+				save_arg(long long);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
+				save_arg(unsigned long);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
+				save_arg(size_t);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
+				save_arg(ptrdiff_t);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
+				save_arg(char);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
+				save_arg(short);
+				break;
+			default:
+				save_arg(int);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+out:
+	return (u32 *)(PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32))) - bin_buf;
+#undef save_arg
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vbin_printf);
+
+/**
+ * bstr_printf - Format a string from binary arguments and place it in a buffer
+ * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
+ * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @bin_buf: Binary arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * This function like C99 vsnprintf, but the difference is that vsnprintf gets
+ * arguments from stack, and bstr_printf gets arguments from @bin_buf which is
+ * a binary buffer that generated by vbin_printf.
+ *
+ * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
+ *  see vsnprintf comment for details.
+ *
+ * The return value is the number of characters which would
+ * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
+ * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
+ * number of characters written into @buf as return value
+ * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
+ * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
+ * string is truncated.
+ */
+int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf)
+{
+	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
+	char *str, *end;
+	const char *args = (const char *)bin_buf;
+
+	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
+		return 0;
+
+	str = buf;
+	end = buf + size;
+
+#define get_arg(type)							\
+({									\
+	typeof(type) value;						\
+	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
+		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(u32));			\
+		*(u32 *)&value = *(u32 *)args;				\
+		*((u32 *)&value + 1) = *(u32 *)(args + 4);		\
+	} else {							\
+		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(type));			\
+		value = *(typeof(type) *)args;				\
+	}								\
+	args += sizeof(type);						\
+	value;								\
+})
+
+	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
+	if (end < buf) {
+		end = ((void *)-1);
+		size = end - buf;
+	}
+
+	while (*fmt) {
+		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
+		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
+
+		fmt += read;
+
+		switch (spec.type) {
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
+			int copy = read;
+			if (str < end) {
+				if (copy > end - str)
+					copy = end - str;
+				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
+			}
+			str += read;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
+			set_field_width(&spec, get_arg(int));
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
+			set_precision(&spec, get_arg(int));
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
+			char c;
+
+			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
+				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+					if (str < end)
+						*str = ' ';
+					++str;
+				}
+			}
+			c = (unsigned char) get_arg(char);
+			if (str < end)
+				*str = c;
+			++str;
+			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
+				if (str < end)
+					*str = ' ';
+				++str;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
+			const char *str_arg = args;
+			args += strlen(str_arg) + 1;
+			str = string(str, end, (char *)str_arg, spec);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
+			str = pointer(fmt, str, end, get_arg(void *), spec);
+			while (isalnum(*fmt))
+				fmt++;
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
+			if (str < end)
+				*str = '%';
+			++str;
+			break;
+
+		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
+			goto out;
+
+		default: {
+			unsigned long long num;
+
+			switch (spec.type) {
+
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
+				num = get_arg(long long);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
+				num = get_arg(unsigned long);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
+				num = get_arg(size_t);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
+				num = get_arg(ptrdiff_t);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
+				num = get_arg(unsigned char);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
+				num = get_arg(signed char);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
+				num = get_arg(unsigned short);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
+				num = get_arg(short);
+				break;
+			case FORMAT_TYPE_UINT:
+				num = get_arg(unsigned int);
+				break;
+			default:
+				num = get_arg(int);
+			}
+
+			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
+		} /* default: */
+		} /* switch(spec.type) */
+	} /* while(*fmt) */
+
+out:
+	if (size > 0) {
+		if (str < end)
+			*str = '\0';
+		else
+			end[-1] = '\0';
+	}
+
+#undef get_arg
+
+	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
+	return str - buf;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bstr_printf);
+
+/**
+ * bprintf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
+ * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
+ * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
+ * @fmt: The format string to use
+ * @...: Arguments for the format string
+ *
+ * The function returns the number of words(u32) written
+ * into @bin_buf.
+ */
+int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	int ret;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	ret = vbin_printf(bin_buf, size, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bprintf);
+
+#endif /* CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF */
+
+/**
+ * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
+ * @buf:	input buffer
+ * @fmt:	format of buffer
+ * @args:	arguments
+ */
+int vsscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+	const char *str = buf;
+	char *next;
+	char digit;
+	int num = 0;
+	u8 qualifier;
+	unsigned int base;
+	union {
+		long long s;
+		unsigned long long u;
+	} val;
+	s16 field_width;
+	bool is_sign;
+
+	while (*fmt) {
+		/* skip any white space in format */
+		/* white space in format matchs any amount of
+		 * white space, including none, in the input.
+		 */
+		if (isspace(*fmt)) {
+			fmt = skip_spaces(++fmt);
+			str = skip_spaces(str);
+		}
+
+		/* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
+		if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
+			if (*fmt++ != *str++)
+				break;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!*fmt)
+			break;
+		++fmt;
+
+		/* skip this conversion.
+		 * advance both strings to next white space
+		 */
+		if (*fmt == '*') {
+			if (!*str)
+				break;
+			while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
+				/* '%*[' not yet supported, invalid format */
+				if (*fmt == '[')
+					return num;
+				fmt++;
+			}
+			while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
+				str++;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* get field width */
+		field_width = -1;
+		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
+			field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
+			if (field_width <= 0)
+				break;
+		}
+
+		/* get conversion qualifier */
+		qualifier = -1;
+		if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
+		    *fmt == 'z') {
+			qualifier = *fmt++;
+			if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
+				if (qualifier == 'h') {
+					qualifier = 'H';
+					fmt++;
+				} else if (qualifier == 'l') {
+					qualifier = 'L';
+					fmt++;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (!*fmt)
+			break;
+
+		if (*fmt == 'n') {
+			/* return number of characters read so far */
+			*va_arg(args, int *) = str - buf;
+			++fmt;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!*str)
+			break;
+
+		base = 10;
+		is_sign = false;
+
+		switch (*fmt++) {
+		case 'c':
+		{
+			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char*);
+			if (field_width == -1)
+				field_width = 1;
+			do {
+				*s++ = *str++;
+			} while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
+			num++;
+		}
+		continue;
+		case 's':
+		{
+			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
+			if (field_width == -1)
+				field_width = SHRT_MAX;
+			/* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
+			str = skip_spaces(str);
+
+			/* now copy until next white space */
+			while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--)
+				*s++ = *str++;
+			*s = '\0';
+			num++;
+		}
+		continue;
+		/*
+		 * Warning: This implementation of the '[' conversion specifier
+		 * deviates from its glibc counterpart in the following ways:
+		 * (1) It does NOT support ranges i.e. '-' is NOT a special
+		 *     character
+		 * (2) It cannot match the closing bracket ']' itself
+		 * (3) A field width is required
+		 * (4) '%*[' (discard matching input) is currently not supported
+		 *
+		 * Example usage:
+		 * ret = sscanf("00:0a:95","%2[^:]:%2[^:]:%2[^:]",
+		 *		buf1, buf2, buf3);
+		 * if (ret < 3)
+		 *    // etc..
+		 */
+		case '[':
+		{
+			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
+			DECLARE_BITMAP(set, 256) = {0};
+			unsigned int len = 0;
+			bool negate = (*fmt == '^');
+
+			/* field width is required */
+			if (field_width == -1)
+				return num;
+
+			if (negate)
+				++fmt;
+
+			for ( ; *fmt && *fmt != ']'; ++fmt, ++len)
+				set_bit((u8)*fmt, set);
+
+			/* no ']' or no character set found */
+			if (!*fmt || !len)
+				return num;
+			++fmt;
+
+			if (negate) {
+				bitmap_complement(set, set, 256);
+				/* exclude null '\0' byte */
+				clear_bit(0, set);
+			}
+
+			/* match must be non-empty */
+			if (!test_bit((u8)*str, set))
+				return num;
+
+			while (test_bit((u8)*str, set) && field_width--)
+				*s++ = *str++;
+			*s = '\0';
+			++num;
+		}
+		continue;
+		case 'o':
+			base = 8;
+			break;
+		case 'x':
+		case 'X':
+			base = 16;
+			break;
+		case 'i':
+			base = 0;
+		case 'd':
+			is_sign = true;
+		case 'u':
+			break;
+		case '%':
+			/* looking for '%' in str */
+			if (*str++ != '%')
+				return num;
+			continue;
+		default:
+			/* invalid format; stop here */
+			return num;
+		}
+
+		/* have some sort of integer conversion.
+		 * first, skip white space in buffer.
+		 */
+		str = skip_spaces(str);
+
+		digit = *str;
+		if (is_sign && digit == '-')
+			digit = *(str + 1);
+
+		if (!digit
+		    || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
+		    || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
+		    || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
+		    || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
+			break;
+
+		if (is_sign)
+			val.s = qualifier != 'L' ?
+				simple_strtol(str, &next, base) :
+				simple_strtoll(str, &next, base);
+		else
+			val.u = qualifier != 'L' ?
+				simple_strtoul(str, &next, base) :
+				simple_strtoull(str, &next, base);
+
+		if (field_width > 0 && next - str > field_width) {
+			if (base == 0)
+				_parse_integer_fixup_radix(str, &base);
+			while (next - str > field_width) {
+				if (is_sign)
+					val.s = div_s64(val.s, base);
+				else
+					val.u = div_u64(val.u, base);
+				--next;
+			}
+		}
+
+		switch (qualifier) {
+		case 'H':	/* that's 'hh' in format */
+			if (is_sign)
+				*va_arg(args, signed char *) = val.s;
+			else
+				*va_arg(args, unsigned char *) = val.u;
+			break;
+		case 'h':
+			if (is_sign)
+				*va_arg(args, short *) = val.s;
+			else
+				*va_arg(args, unsigned short *) = val.u;
+			break;
+		case 'l':
+			if (is_sign)
+				*va_arg(args, long *) = val.s;
+			else
+				*va_arg(args, unsigned long *) = val.u;
+			break;
+		case 'L':
+			if (is_sign)
+				*va_arg(args, long long *) = val.s;
+			else
+				*va_arg(args, unsigned long long *) = val.u;
+			break;
+		case 'z':
+			*va_arg(args, size_t *) = val.u;
+			break;
+		default:
+			if (is_sign)
+				*va_arg(args, int *) = val.s;
+			else
+				*va_arg(args, unsigned int *) = val.u;
+			break;
+		}
+		num++;
+
+		if (!next)
+			break;
+		str = next;
+	}
+
+	return num;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);
+
+/**
+ * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
+ * @buf:	input buffer
+ * @fmt:	formatting of buffer
+ * @...:	resulting arguments
+ */
+int sscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list args;
+	int i;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	i = vsscanf(buf, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+
+	return i;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);